Deep-well-drilling apparatus



C. A. BUTLER DEEP WELL DRILLING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 21, 1922 8 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 22, 1927.

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atent Nov. 22, 1927.

rrao STATES": PATENT OFFICE.

onannns AUGUSTUS BUTLER, or OKMULGEE, 001m.

nnnr-wnLL-nanmne APPARATUS.

Application filed November 21, 1922. Serial No. 602,353.

and other defects of the present day stand-,

ard drilling rig.

As is well known to those skilled in the art in existing drilling machines, the walking beam is driven from the crank shaft on which is mounted the band wheel, provided with a lateral grooved extension to accommodate the usual rope transmission to the bull wheel (the tool hoist) at the opposite side of the derrick. The band wheel is driven by a belt from the engine or motor, some forty feet distant. The bull wheels comprise a hoist about which is coiled the fill cable running over a sheave at the top of the which are attached the drill-- derrick and to ing tools. v

One of these bull wheels is in line'with the grooved extension on the band wheel and is provided with grooves to receive the transmission ropes called the bull ropes; The other wheel is fitted with a brake band and lever for controlling the vwheels as thevtools are being lowered into the well. Another hoist, sometimes called the calf wheel, which is likewise provided with rope transmission grooves and with a brake wheel, and which is used for handling the long strings of ca sing that are placed in the Well, is located in the corner of the derrick adjacent the band wheel. It is necessary to locate it there, due to the fact that it is belt driven from a pulley on the end of the crank shaft. And because the walking beam is disposed on the same side of the derrick as this calf wheel, the shaft or drum of the latter must be short and the cable that is coiled on the calf wheel drum, must run between the walking beam and the side of'the derrick. The sheave at the top of the derrick over which the cable from this calf wheel runs. is at. or nearly in the center of the top of the derrick, directly over the walking beam and as the calf wheel drum is to one side of the walking beam and the sheave over which the cable runs is directly over the beam, it is necessary to tip up the shaft of the calf wheel at its outer end. This makes the cable spool close up to itself and insures a smooth coil so that when the cable turns back over itself for the second or third coils, they will be smooth and the cable will not drop in between each turn of the preceding coil as would be the case if the drum were not set in right angle alinement with the sheave at the top of the derrick, It is manifest that a drum on which is coiled any amount of cable must be set as nearly in line with the sheaves over which'the cable runs as is possible, as otherwise the cable is quickly ruined if it drops between open coils under a very heavy load.

While this tipping up of the calf wheel drum has corrected the improper coiling of the. cable, it correspondingly throws the transmission wheel out of alinement with the'drive wheel and causes no end of trouble. Furthermore, with the ordinary standard drilling rig, there is a great loss of power through friction. One source is the transmission belt which is ninety feet long and must be maintained tight to avoid slippage with its consequent friction and lost power. So also the bull ropes must also be kept tight and since they cross each other in rotating the wheels in the correct direction, the friction is something enormous. These belt and bull ropes are a constant source of trouble to the drillers as they are constantly breaking and becoming loose from stretching.

The particular object of the present invention resides in eliminating all of these dificulties by a novel and compact arrangement of the various hoists and the power trans- 4 mission for drivin them, together with a' convenient disposition of the individual con trol levers for the clutches and brakes for each hoist, as well as the controls to the other providing an eflicient means for cooling the In the brake wheel for the bull wheels. usual construction, this brake wheel-is made of wood and is controlled by an iron brake band fitted with a lever which controls the bull wheels or tool hoist, as the tools are being lowered into the well. In lowering, the friction caused by the brake band on the fast revolving brake wheel causes excesslve heating and burning of the face of the brake wheel. So also the sparks thrown oil are very dangerous as there is often more or less gas coming out of the mouth ofthe well. This gas has frequently become Ignited and has exploded, burning the rig as well as the drillers at work at the well. Heretofore, it has been the practice to turn a jet of water on the brake band to kee it cool, but the water in runnin down t e center of the brake band ca it to cool and contract at the center and remain hot at the edges. This I had a. tendency to warp the brake band, turning the edges u in a trough-shape, which in turn redue the frictional surface of the brake band to such an extent that it became almost impossible to hold the bull wheels as the tools were being lowered into the well. In the present invention, this objection has been eliminated by a novel type of cooling means hereafter set forth.

A further feature of my invention resides in an improved arrangement whereby the bull wheels and walking beam can be operated independentl of each other so as to facilitate the spa ding in operation. The first'operation in drilling a well is drilling I the first two or three hundred feet of hole before it' is practical to use the walking beam.

With rior constructions, this has been accompllshed by attaching a jerk line to a spool on the wrist pin of the crank and to the other end of the jerk line, a shoe that was slidably attached to the cable connecting with the tools, which cable passed over a sheave at the top of the derrickand was wound about the bull wheel hoist so that as U the crank turned, the cable was jerked back and forth, raising and dropping the tools at the bottom of the hole. It was necessary to attach the shoe to the cable when the tools were resting on the bottom of the hole and the cable was slack. After the shoe had thus been attached, the en ine was startedand the crank and bull whee s simultaneously operated. This 1- uired an excessive amount of power, since t e tools had to be lifted by the bull wheels at the same time that the crank was slidin the shoe on the cable under the weight the tools. After a few revolutions of the crank and the tools had been raised far enough from the bottom of the hole to allow for a full stroke, the bull ropes were thrown off the bull wheels and the spudding proceeded until five or six feethad been made, at which time the tools were withdrawn and the bailer run to remove the mud that the tools had cut loose. In the resent invention, this cumbersome method as been eliminated by providing the walknzig beam andbull wheels with clutches a apted to independently connect them with the source of power. In the present instance, the cable is connected. to a grooved pulley that revolves on the wrist pin (11 the crank and while the tools are being pulled up, the crank remains stationary as it is disconnected from the power driving the bull wheels. Then as soon as the tools are up to the point necessary to give them the desired stroke..

the clutch 'which controls the operation of the crank is thrown out and the clutch that controls the operation of the crank is thrown in to resume udding. This construction eliminates the anger of broken spudding. shoes and broken jerk lines which are a constant source of danger to the drillers.

Another feature of this'invention resides 76 in aconstruction wherein the walking beam automatically shifts to one side so that the tools can be easily removed for the bailing out operation. During the drilling, the tools are suspended from the walking beam by means of the usual temper screw. To the lower end of the temper screw is fastened a clamp to connect the cable to the screw in such a manner that the screw may be turned out by the driller as the tools drill at the bottom of the hole. When the length of the screw has been drilled, it becomes necessary to pull the tools out of the well to hail the mud. This is done by putting the bull ropes on the grooved bull wheel and revolving the bull wheels and walking beam simultaneously until the slack in the cable has been wound up, at which time the engine is sto ped and the clamps removed from the cabi. Then the pitman is removed from the wrist pin and the walking beam tipped up at an angle of forty-five degrees or more so that the end of the beam can be brought clear of the hole so that the tools may be removed without striking the beam. This takesa great deal of time and requires considerable exertion on the part of the drillers. Then as soon as the tools are run back into the hole after bailing out, the pitman must be again connected up to the wrist pin which necessitates another heavy lift and after this, the engine must be turned over until the crank stands in a vertical position with the wrist pin up, before the clamp can be again attached to the cable and drilling allowed to proceed. I

Another object of the present invention resides in entirely eliminating this excessive labor by providing a construction wherein the pitman connected with the walking beam does not have to be disconnected from the crank wrist pin and wherein the weight of the beam is arranged to hold the crank in the right position to hitch on and nnhitch.

A further feature of this invention resides in providing separate means whereby the source of power for driving the tool hoist for raising the tools may be disconnected from the tool hoist so that the hoist is free to rotate reversely at a high speed as when the tools are lowered into the well.

Various and other ancillary features of the invention will'be manifest from a perusal of the following specification when taken in connection with the accompanying (lrawings, wherein- Figure 1 is aside elevation of the drilling machine;

Fig. 2 is a plan view;

Fig. 3 is a section on line H of Fig. 2;

till

Fig. 4 is a perspective View of part of }the control lever to the brake on the bailer Oist;

Fig. 5 is a detail inner View of the frame for the hoists;

Fig. 6 is a detail on the line 66 of Fig. 5; F Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 8 is a sectional detail of the brake drum of the tool hoist;

Figures 9 and 10 are detail views of the means for releasing the sprocket wheel from the tool hoist drum; i I Fig. 11 is a detail plan View of the bailer hoist, partly in section: I

Fig. 12 is a detail of the members of the bailer hoist drum, and p Fig. 13 is a detail of the casing hoist brake control.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, the invention comprises suitable foundational blocking B placed at convenient points. On a portion of this blocking rest the structural steel sills 1 and 2 which extend under the derrick at right angles to the derrick sills 4 and 5 to which they are bolted. Superposed on sills 1 and 2 and bolted thereto, are the sills 6 and 7. These latter sills, which lie parallel to and on the same height as sills 4 and 5, extend out beyond the side of the derrick forming a foundation on which the engine is supported as hereinafter described.

The support for the engine crank shaft and clutch mechanism which controls the hoists is placed on top of sills 4, 5, 6 and 7. This support comprises a frame consisting of upper and lower structural steel trusses 8, 9, 10 and 11, mounted on and running across sills 4, 5, 6 and 7. These upper and lower trusses are braced by suitable uprights and diagonal members 12 and 13. The uper trusses 10 and 11 are provided with earings 14 and 15 for the drive shaft 16, while the trusses 8 and 9 are provided with bearings 17 and 18 for the jack shaft 19, and in addition, the trusses 8 and 10 are provided with bearings 20 and 21 for the crank shaft 22.

This integral frame is detachably anchored to the sills 6 and 7 at suitable points by means of a series of ill-shaped bolts and clips 23. a

Crank shaft bearing 21 extends approximately one-half its length over support 8 and is supported by a tubular post 24 riveted to support 8 and resting on sill 7 which is embraced by ll-bolt 23. This U-bolt passes up through appropriate openings in crank shaft bearing 21 and is held by means of nuts 25. The extension of the crank shaft bearing 21 provides the necessary recess for the fly wheel 26.

Means is provided for automatically shifting the walking beam to and from drilling position. In the present embodiment, the sills 1 and 2 support the base of uprights .27, 28, 29 and 30 which carry the rearend of the walking beam 31. Uprights 27 and 28 are pivotally anchored to sills 1 and 2 by means of a rod 32 assing through the lower end of the legs of uprights 27 and 28 and through boxes 33 and 34, which construction leaves the upper end of uprights 27 and 28 free to move forward and backward in line with the walking beam, but holds it rigidly from transverse movement. As before stated, the rear end of the walking beam 31 is pivotally secured to the uprights 27 and 28 by means of a pin 35 passing through holes in the end of each upright and passing through a box on top of the walking beam. The pin also passes through holes in the upper ends of the legs 29 and 30 thus connecting the upper ends of the four legs or uprights to the walking beam in a free hinge-like manner allowing the free backward and forward motion of the lower end of legs 29 and 30. These legs are securedto move relatively to' sills 1 and 2 by means of a rod 36. running through holes in the lower end of the legs 29 and 30 and through guide ways 37 and 38 attached to the top of sills 1 and 2 by bolts through spacing blocks 39 and 40, the thickness of which is equal to the diameter of rod 36, thus making a guideway through which rod 36 may slide so as to allow uprights 29 and 30 to drop back until rod 36 comes in contact with the abutment 40. Thewalking beam 31 operates between two structural steel guides 41 and 42 which are bolted together through spacing block 43 so as to keep the beam in alinement with the hole.- Guides 41 and 42 are bolted at the top to the side of the derrick and at the bottom to floor sill 5. Block 43 also has the function of supporting the walking beam 31 in case the pitman should break or anything should happen to accidentally cause the beam to drop. The walking beam is operated by means of pitman 44 connected to the beam by means of the stirrup 45 working in a box bearing 46; the other end of the pitman to wrist pin 47 by means of a hole in the end of pitman 44.

The foregoing structure allows the walking beam to drop back endwise when unhitchedfrom the cable so that the end of the walking beam may clear the hole and allow the tools to be withdrawn from the hole without striking the end of the walking beam. The walking beam remains in this position while the tools are being withdrawn and the hole bailed out and the tools low-- cred into the well again. Then when the tools have reached the bottom of the well, .the clam is again adjusted to the cable and the usua brake on the tool hoist, hereinafter described, is released allowing the tools to. hang on the walking beam. This weight of the tools pulling down. on the end of the walking beam has a tendency to raise the other end up by reason of the beam 31 being fulcrumed on the pitman 44 which is on the wrist'pin 47 of the crank 48, the latter being held at its lowermost point by the weight of the beam. When the outer end of the beam raises up. legs 29 and 30 are drawn toward legs 27 and 28 until rod 36 comes into contact with abutment block 39 at which time a lever 49 is pushed back. This hooks jaws 50 over rod 36 thus locking legs 29 and 30 in close contact with abutment block 39 and holding it solidly until the clamp is again removed from the cable. Then lever 49 is pulled to release rod 36 from the embrace of jaws 50, thereby allowing legs 29 and 30 to slide rearwardly until rod 36 again contacts with block 40. This lever 49 has an extension 49 extending rearwardly to a point near the rhoist controls.

While it is possible to drive the main shaft 16 by means of a belt assing over a pulley 51 fixed on a shaft 52, it is preferable to rotate the crank shaft by means of a steam or other engine connected directly to shaft 52. Shafts 16 and 52 are connected by means of flanges bolted together as at 53.

Shaft 52'runs in bearings 54 and 55. On shaft 16 is loosely mounted sprocket wheel 56 which is attached to a member 57 of a clutch, the other clutc'h member 58 being keyed as usual to shaft 52 and is controlled by lever 59 fulcrumed on the frame by means of links 60. This sprocket wheel 56 is provided with babbitted linings and is arranged to idle on shaft 16 when not in use. \Vhen the clutch member 58 is brought into engagement with clutch 57, the sprocket is connected to the shaft 16 so as to transmit power to the hoists as will be hereinafter described.

For the purpose of controlling at will the operation of the walking beam, the other end of shaft 52 is keyed to one member of a clutch 61; the cooperating member of clutch 61 is keyed to jack shaft 19 which runs in bearings 15 and 18. To jack shaft 19 is keyed a pinion 62 and on the extreme end of fly wheel 26. Clutch 61 is controlled by lever 64 fulcrumed on the frame by link 64. This clutchcontrols the drive to the walking beam. Fly wheel 26 is provided with extending studs 26' so that additional rims provided with registering holes may be bolted to it as the well grows deeper and a heavier wheel is required. Heretofore, this has been arranged by providing the engine directly with a sectional balance wheel. But the present construction and arrangement is more desirable, since the heavy fly wheel is only neededfor regulating the motion of the walking beam and preventing the tools from dropping too quickly at the bottom of the hole. Whereas for running casing and any other work than operating the beam, a very light, quick engine is required. \Vith the old arrangement, it was necessary to remove the extrarims from the fly wheel of the engine whenever it became necessary to run casing or other work where a quick reversing engine was needed. By placing fly wheel 26 on 'aek shaft 19, it is in use only when the walking beam is in operation and does not hamper the use of the engine for other purposes.

The three usual hoists,.the bailer hoist, tool hoist and casing hoist are placed in a structural steel frame preferably bolted to one side of the derrick and occupy the position formerly occupied by the bull wheels in the old style construction. This frame consists of two uprights 64 and 65 connected together at top and bottom by members 66 and 67 which are riveted to the upper and lower ends of columns 64 and 65 (Fig. 3) and provided with corner braces 68 and 69. On the rear of columns 64 and 65 are riveted extensions 70 (Fig. 3) strengthened by braces 71 and 72 and anchored together by cross members 73 and 74 which latter in addition form a frame for the controlling levers and brake of the bailcr hoist. To the extension '70 are bolted box bearings 75 in which runs the drive shaft .7 6 by which power is transmitted to the respective hoists.

On the end of drive shaft 76 is keyed a sprocket wheel 77 on which runs a chain 77 connecting the sprocket wheel 7 7 with sprocket wheel 36 on main drive shaft 33 which it will be remembered is driven from the engine. So also, on shaft 76 are loosely mounted sprocket wheels 7 8 and 79 and also the bailer hoist 80. Sprocket wheel 78 transmits power to the casing hoist 82 by means of the sprocket chain 83 running on sprocket wheel 81 and is controlled by jaw clutch 75 operated by means of levers 76, 77 and 78 operated by a pull rod 78". Sprocket wheel 79 transmits power to tool hoist 89 by means of sprocket chain running on sprocket wheel 91 and is controlled by aw clutch 92 operated by levers 93 to 96, inclusive. Jaw clutches '75 and 92 are loosely keyed to shaft, so that they will readily slide into engagement with the cooperating clutch on sprocket wheels 78 and 79, respectively. \Vhen clutches 75 and 92 are disengaged from sprocket wheels 78 and 79, they will idle on shaft 66.

Bailer hoist 80 is made with two flanges 97 and 98, fitted with friction disks or surfaces 99. Flange 97 is keyed slidingly on shaft 76 and is constructed and arranged to make proper frictional contact with disk 99 at dc sired times as will be hereinafter explained. Disk 99 is bored and screw threaded so as to screw on to drum tube 100 which in turn threads fast to friction wheel 101. This wheel on its outer side is suitably faced off for the purpose of making a frictional engagement with flange 98 which is slidably keyed upon shaft 76. Inside of the ends of drum tube 100 are fitted Babbitt bearings 101' between which and the respective flanges 97 and 98 are coiled springs 102 to hold'the flanges 97 and 98 clear of frictional contact with the friction disk 99 and friction wheel 101, respectively. In assembling the bailer hoist 80, drum tube 100 is securely screwed to friction disk 99; over drum tube 100 is slipped sleeve 93, then flange 104, then sleeve 105, after which friction wheel 101 is screwed onto drum tube 100 until it shoulders with sleeve 105 which in turn ti htens flange 104 and sleeve 103. The screw t reads on drum tube 100 are cut right and left so that the hoist will always be in tightening engagement as the torsional strain is all one way. Drum tube 100 at its intermediate por tion provides an oil reservoir 100' to supply the bearings with oil. F riction wheel 101 is made hollow and is partly filled with water or oil to preventits being heated from friction caused by running at high speed under the control of a friction brake when the bailer is being lowered into the bottom of the well. a

At each end of the bailer hoist 80 are provided ball thrust bearings 106. Levers 107 and 108 are pivoted to cross members 73 and a 74 and are fulcrumed on the ball races 106.

To the outer end of lever 107 is pivoted con-- necting rod 109 and-to the outer end of lever 108 is connected lever 110 which is fulcrumed on cross member 74 and pivoted to connectin rod 109. As will be evident, this construction permits the simultaneous inward movement of the flanges 97 and 98 against the friction disk 99 and friction face of the friction wheel 101 on movement of the connecting rod 109. This holds the hoisting drum 80 in frictional engagement with shaft 76. This construction is necessary as it is a common occurrence for rocks to fall out of the Wall of the bore of the well and stick the bailer as it is being withdrawn. In such an event, with the present arrangement, the hoist will slip on its friction surface before the strain is sufficient to snap the cable.

When the bailer is being lowered into the well, the hoist is controlled by a band brake on friction wheel 101. To this end, there is provided a brake band 111 having a friction lining and fitted at one end with a substantially U-shaped bolt 112 which fits through holes in cross member 74. Nuts are provided to take up wear of the lining. The other end of the band 111 is looped around the U-shaped part of brake rod 113 which is loosely connected to cross member .74 by boxes 114 bolted to cross member 74. Brake rod 113 extends along member 74 to the endwhere it bends downwardly substantially at right angles forming a lever to which is attached link 115 connecting with link 116 which is fulcrumed on a bracket on the frame at 117. To the upper end of lever 116 is connected rod 118 which in turn is connected to lever 110. To the lower end of lever 116 is connected rod 119, the other end of which connects with hand lever 120. By this arrangement of lever connections, when lever 120 is thrust forward, the brake band on friction wheel 101 will be released and flanges 97 and 98 will be brought into frictional engagement with-flange 99 and the frictional face of friction wheel 101, thus holding the hoisting drum in a frictional engagement with shaft 76. Reversely when lever 120 is thrust back, the frictional engagement with the flanges is released and the band brake is tightened on the friction wheel 101 to'hold the wheel stationary while shaft 76 is free to rotate while transmitting power to the other hoist. The tool hoist 89 comprises a heavy rim which fit closely inside of tubular shaft 121. On one end of shaft 121 is placed a friction wheel 124 which is made. hollow as shown in Fig. 8 to be filled with water so as to prevent heatin from friction caused by the brake on t e outside surface. The center of this friction wheel 124 is bored to fit closely over the end of shaft 121 and is held securely by bolts 125 passing through the hub of friction wheel 124, through the shell of shaft 121 and through the rim of gudgeon 122.

On one side of friction wheel 124 is cast a lateral annular projection 127 having a finished periphery which forms a race or bearing onwhich sprocket ring 128 revolves. This sprocket ring is a cast steel ring having sprocket teeth on its outer surface. The inner surface of the ring is finished so as to form a smooth bearing surface on which it may rotate on lateral bearing 127. Four holes130 are drilled through this projection 127 radiating from the center and registering with four holes 131 drilled partly through ring 128 from the inside. These holes are for the purpose of receiving the locking bolts 132 slidably carried on webs on the side of friction wheel 124 by means of bolts 133' These bolts 132 are provided on their inner ends with pins 134 which cooperate in cam slots 135, (Fig. 9) of a cam ring adapted to travel around a quadrant 139 provided with holes to accommodate the locking pin of the latch. By means of this construction, the latch holds cam ring 136 m locked engagement with quadrant 139 with pins .134 at either extremity of the cam slot. 135 so that when cam ring 136 is turned to the right, locking bolts 132 are forced into locking engagement with sprocket ring 128 makin it a rigid part of friction wheel 128 and w en turned to the left, locking bolts are withdrawn from engagement with sprocket ring 128 allowing it to rotate freely on latera bearing 127. The foregoing construction is necessar so that friction wheel 124 may be release from sprocket ring 128 while the tools are being lowered into the well, as at such times friction wheel 124 is allowed to run very fast,-too fast for a sprocket chain of heavy construction to travel.

For the, purpose of controlling thetool hoist there 1s provided a friction brake band 141 operating on friction wheel 124. This band 141 at one end is doubled and riveted around a U-shaped bolt 142, the other end of the band is fastened to a U-shaped portion of lever 143. At an intermediate point, the brake band 141 is provided with an eye or bracket connection 144, which hooks over a bracket 147 bolted to the side column so that the brake band is held at all times in alinement about the periphery of the brake wheel. Brake lever 143 is pivoted in spaced brackets 146 bolted to cross bar 67. Fromthe foregoing it is evident that the tool hoist is driven by means of the chain connection 80 from the sprocket wheel 79 loose on shaft 76, and that the drive at this point is controlled by the clutch 92 and the lever 96 and it is also manifest that the tool hoist is at all times under the direct control of the operator b means of the lever 143 which controls t 6 brake governing the speed of rotation of the friction wheel 124 on the tool hoist. V

The casing hoist 82 is an exact duplication in construction of the tool hoist except that its controls and location are invertedly arranged on the supporting frame for purposes of convenience and compactness. Inasmuch as the details of construction are exactly similar to those of the tool hoist, no further disclosure thereof will be made; only reference will be made to the differences due to reversal of arrangement. As shown in Fig. 5, one end 49 of the brake band 150 is attached in a similar manner to the cross bar 66 by means of a U-shaped bolt 151; the other end of the brake band is attached to the tl-shaped portion 152 of a lever 153 having itsbearin s in spaced supports 154 carned by cross ar 66. This control lever 153 because of its location just outside of the top of the hoist frame is necessarily bent in a somewhat circular shape as at 154 as shown imFig. 13. To the lower end of lever 153 is connected the vertical rod 155 which is joined to a pull rod 156. pivoted at 157 in the box 158,0n the frame member 64.

From the foregoing description it will be at once evident that there is provided a neat, compact arrangement of the three hoists; the bailer hoist, the tool hoist and the casing hoist; that each hoist is provided with its independent power and brake control independent of the main clutch controlling the source of power with the main driving chain 77' that each hoist has its own independent control for its power drive'and brake, and that the walking beam may be operated independently while the power to the hoists is cut off. For instance, the source of power may be disconnected from the main chain drive 77 by means of the lever 59; the source of power may be disconnected from the drive for the walking beam by means of the lever 64; the walking beam may be locked in rear position clear of the well by means of the lever 49 provided with the extension 49; the bailer hoist control for simultaneously clutchin the bailer hoist to shaft 76 and releasing t e bailer hoist brake and vice versa is operated by means of the lever 119;-.the brake control for the tool hoist 89 is operated by the rod 143 and the power control for the tool hoist by the rod 96; the brake control for the casing hoist is operated by the rod 156 and the power control by the rod 78 Furthermore, from an inspection of the various figures of the drawings, it will be evident that all of these controls are arranged at a common point adjacent the well. It is also manifest that by the present arrangement of a light, quick reversing engine, and the independently connectable fly wheel, the engine may be used for operating the hoists independently and may, by varying the weight of the fly wheel, be effective for operating the walking beam.

It is obvious that minor changes in the details of construction and the arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is-

1. In a deep-well drilling a paratus, in combination with a derrick, an sheaves located at the top thereof, a main drive shaft located at one side of the derrick base, a su port mounted on the o posite side of said derrick base, a hoist t ereon, a transmission from said drive shaft to said hoist, a pair of hoists arranged in superimposed relation adjacent said first hoist, a transmission from said first hoist to each of said pair of hoists, and a separate power control for each hoist, said controls extending to a common operating point.

2. In a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination with a derrick and sheaves -located at the top thereof, afmain drive shaft,

a bailer hoist shaft, a power transmission beam support movable to drilling and non-- drilling positions, a walking beam ivoted at one end to said support, and means for said beam connected thereto intermediate its ends, whereby the addition of load to the drilling end of said beam causes the said beam to move with said support into drilling position.

4. In a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination with the derrick frame, a walking beam, a support for the beam adapted to move therewith and to sustain the beam in drilling and non-drilling positions, and means to suspend a load fromv the drilling end of said beam, said support for said beam being so constructed and arranged that the beam will move from drilling to non-drilling position when the load is removed from said suspending means, and move from non-drillin when the load is placed thereon.

5. In a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination with the derrick frame, a walking beam, a support for said beam adapted to move with and to present said beam 111 drilling and non-drillin position, driving means for said beam, 100 ing means to hold said support and bearn in non-drilling POSI- tion, said beam and support being a apted to be moved to said drilling position bya load applied at the drilling end of sa1d beam, and to move by gravity to said nondrilling position when said locking means 1s released and theload on the'drilling end of said beam is lessened.

6. In a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination with the derrick, sills extending therefrom, a first upright havin its lower end pivoted to said sills, a secon upright having its lower ends spaced from the lower end of said first upright and slidable along said sills, a walking beam pivoted at its rear end to said uprights, a power driven crank, a link connecting said crank to an intermediate portion of said beam, and means for anchoring the lower end of said second upright in a position nearest, the lower end of said first upright.

7. In a deep well drilling apparatus, a derrick frame, sills extending therefrom, a

riving to drilling positionwalking beam, uprights having their upper ends pivoted to the rear end of said beam and their'lower ends spaced apart and pivoted to said sills, the lower end of one of said uprights being also slidable along said sills, a power driven crank, a linkconnecting said crank to an intermediate portion of said beam, and means for retaining said slidable end of said support in fixed position.

8. In a deep well drilling apparatus, a derrick frame, spaced sills extending therefrom, a walking .beam, pairs of uprights having their upper ends pivoted to the rear end of said beam and their lower ends spaced apart, the lower ends of one pair of uprights beingpiyoted to said sills, and the lower ends of the other pair being joined by a rod, a guideway on said sills for said rod to limit the sliding in each direction, and a pivoted locking finger swingable over said rod when in one extreme position to retainthe lower end of one of said pairs of sup- .ports. i

9.111 a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination with a derrick frame, a power driven crank, mounted on one side of said frame, sills extending from said side, a

walking beam, spaced uprights pivoted to sa1d sills at their lower ends and to the rear of said beam at their upper ends, the lower end of one of said uprights being slidable along said sills, a link connectin' said crank, and an intermediate portion 0 said beam, retaining means for holdin the lower end of said slidable support in xed position, a plurality of hoists mounted on the opposite side of said derrick frame, a pluralit .of controls for said hoists, and a contro for said retaining means-said controls extending to acommon point preferably adjacent sa1d well. a

L 10. In a deep well drillin apparatus, in combination, a power driverfiroist shaft, opposed spaced clutch members splined to said shaft, a hoist drum loose on said shaft between said members, springs'for normally holding said members out of contact with said drum, a brake drum on said hoist drum, a band encirclin said drum, and a system of interconnecte levers adapted to press said members intodriving engagement with said hoist drum and to simultaneously release said brake band and vice versa.

11. In a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination with a power driven shaft, spaced opposedflanges splined on said shaft, a tool hoist drum on said shaft between said flanges, said drum comprising recessed Babbitt bearings spaced apart on said shaft to form an oil well, a drumtube threaded at each end and surrounding said bearings and forming an oil reservoir between said bear-' said drum tube to engage one of said flanges,

a brake drum threading on the other end of said tube to engage the other flange, said disk and brake drum holding said sleeve on said drum tube, springs in the recesses of said Babbitt sleeves for holding said disk and brake drum out of contact with said flanges.

12. In a deep well drilling apparatus, in combination, a supporting frame, a tool hoist comprising a tubular shaft, gudgeons fastened in the open ends of said shaft and mounted'in said frame, a sleeve on said shaft, a brake drum fastened on said sleeve, said drum having an annular bearing formed with radial bores, a sprocket rim loose journaled in said bearing and formed with corresponding bores, a plurality of detents slidably carried on the face of said drum and adapted to lock said rim to said drum, and means for operating said detents. so

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature. CHARLES AUGUSTUS BUTLER. 

